Definition :

• • Hypertension is one of the common complications among the advancing age group that is mild to severe in a condition that sometimes leads to vital complications.

• • Hypertension is defined by WHO as raised blood pressure above 140/90 mm of Hg.

• • It is considered severe when blood pressure exceeds 180/120 mm Hg.

• • It often has no symptoms but can cause risk in health conditions such as heart disease and stroke.

• • It is much more complicated when the patient is associated with any other serious complication.

• • The patient in the initial stage can be cured by changing the lifestyle and also food habits that decrease the risk of hypertension.

UNDERSTANDING THE BLOOD PRESSURE :

• • The blood travels all over the body from the heart to distal fine capillaries and again to the same.

• • There is a well-established network of blood vessels varying in size from the larger aorta to the fine capillary vessels.

• • The heart is a pumping organ that pumps blood throughout the body and receives the same.

• • The blood vessels are elastic to bear stress created by the flowing blood.

• • Take a hollow rubber tube in which some liquids flow.

• • If the volume of liquid flow in the rubber tube is left constant and the tube size is from large to small, the one with a larger hollow space will have free space for flowing.

• • In the smaller tube, the same volume flows with high pressure creating a lateral extension of the rubber tube.

• • Moreoevr, the pressure increases in the vessel when the larger vessels become smaller in range due to any deposition or stenosis.

HOW HYPERTENSION AFFECTS THE HEALTH?

• • High blood pressure could be an adverse effect of medications for other clinical conditions.

• • Its presence is a serious condition and also can be a warning sign.

• • As a primary cause, it can lead the patient to a high risk of heart disease and stroke.

• • If the patient is diagnosed with hypertension, it is better to manage it before it worsens.

• • Hypertension can be primary and secondary.

• • Primary hypertension develops idiopathically.

• • It progresses with aging and can be sudden in onset.

Secondary hypertension – Etiology :

• • Firstly, Renal problems

• • Drug induced hypertension

• • Adrenal gland tumors

• • Cocaine and other illicit drugs

• • Thyroid issues

• • Sleep apnoea

• • And also congenital defects in blood vessels

DOES THIS HAVE SERIOUS RISK FACTORS?

• • This should be considered for any instant to have a risk factor to be developed.

• • Identifying the risk factors helps treat the condition and reduce high blood pressure.

• • Some of the risk factors are modifiable and also non-modifiable.

• • The modifiable factors are cessation of smoking, and alcohol consumption, reducing the cholesterol level in your blood, reducing the body weight by doing exercise, and having a good diet plan.

• • The non-modifiable factors are age, male sex, hereditary issues, and gene mutations.

• • One of the most common risk factors for people with hypertension is a sedentary lifestyle which leads to a high risk of developing atherosclerosis.

• • Moreover the other most common factor is obesity because extra weight increases the demand on your circulatory system.